Biology / Environmental Studies 226: Conservation Biology

When you use Zotero to generate citations, you must check your citations for formatting errors and be prepared to make edits. See guidance on formatting citations in Journal of Ecology style below.

In Journal of Ecology style, the two most common errors to watch out for are:

• Capitalization of article titles: The titles of articles should be written in sentence case, meaning the title is capitalized as if it were a sentence.
• Italicization of genus/species names: The genus and species names of organisms should always be written in italics, and genus names should always be capitalized. Example: Acer saccharum.

One author:

Galbraith (2000) reports that the bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent. 

The bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent (Galbraith, 2000).

Two authors:

Matthews and Sebera (2004) report that the bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent.

The bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent  (Matthews & Sebera, 2004).

Three to five authors (first occurrence):

Waterman, Gree, and Roth (1993) report that the bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent. 

The bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent (Waterman, Gree, & Roth 1993).

Six or more authors:

Smith et al. (1999) report that the bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent.

The bacteria was not affected by the antimicrobial agent (Smith et al., 1999).

More than one article cited in same sentence:

Multiple studies have shown that the bacteria is not affected by the antimicrobial agent (Galbraith, 2000; Matthews & Sebera, 2004; Waterman, Gree, & Roth 1993)

Journal Article with 2 to 7 authors

Ramus, F., Rosen, S., Dakin, S. C., Day, B. L., Castellote, J. M., White, S., & Frith, U. (2003). Theories of developmental dyslexia: Insights from a multiple case study of dyslexic adults. Brain, 126(4), 841–865. doi: 10.1093/brain/awg076

Journal Article with more than 7 authors

Rutter, M., Caspi, A., Fergusson, D., Horwood, L. J., Goodman, R., Maughan, B., … Carroll, J. (2004). Sex differences in developmental reading disability: New findings from 4 epidemiological studies. Journal of the American Medical Association, 291(16), 2007–2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.291.16.2007

Book

Bradley-Johnson, S. (1994). Psychoeducational assessment of students who are visually impaired or blind: Infancy through high school (2nd ed.). Austin, TX: Pro-ed.

Chapter in a Book

Hawkley, L. C., Preacher, K. J., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2007). Multilevel modeling of social interactions and mood in lonely and socially connected individuals: The MacArthur social neuroscience studies. In A. D. Ong & M. Van Dulmen (Eds.), Oxford handbook of methods in positive psychology (pp. 559–575). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.